Since the vast majority of upper respiratory infections are viral, antibiotics are rarely indicated and may lead to adverse effects. Overuse or misuse of antibiotics can lead to increased antibiotic resistance in the individual and the larger society. Antiviral drugs are authorized for influenza treatment and prophylaxis in Canada. Their use will depend on a number of factors such as patient risk, relevant history and the duration and severity of symptoms. If a nurse caring for a patient feels that medication is not the appropriate intervention, the nurse has a responsibility to discuss these concerns with the prescribers.
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