Do not recommend the administration of hydroxycobalamin (Vitamin B-12A or ‘cyanokit’) to patients prior to assessment in the burn centre, unless the history and investigations strongly support its use.

Evidence supporting the routine use of hydroxycobalamin is weak and may be associated with the development of renal impairment. Hydroxycobalamin may be administered in the burn centre in the setting of a severe inhalation injury and uncorrected worsening metabolic acidaemia. Patients with a strong clinical picture of severe inhalation injury who require prolonged transport to a burn centre may be the exception to this rule.
 

For more information:

Barillo DJ, Goode R, Esch V. Cyanide poisoning in victims of fire: analysis of 364 cases and review of the literature. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1994;15(1):46-57. PMID : 8150843.

Dépret F, Hoffmann C, Daoud L, et al. Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):421. Published 2019 Dec 23. PMID: 31870461.

Dumestre D, Nickerson D. Use of cyanide antidotes in burn patients with suspected inhalation injuries in North America: a cross-sectional survey. J Burn Care Res. 2014;35(2):e112-e117. PMID: 23877146.

Legrand M, Michel T. Empiric use of hydroxocobalamin in patients with smoke inhlation injury: Not so fast!. Burns. 2017;43(4):886. PMID: 28057381.

MacLennan L, Moiemen N. Management of cyanide toxicity in patients with burns. Burns. 2015;41(1):18-24. PMID: 24994676.

Nguyen L, Afshari A, Kahn SA, McGrane S, Summitt B. Utility and outcomes of hydroxocobalamin use in smoke inhalation patients. Burns. 2017;43(1):107-113. PMID: 27554631.

Streitz MJ, Bebarta VS, Borys DJ, Morgan DL. Patterns of cyanide antidote use since regulatory approval of hydroxocobalamin in the United States. Am J Ther. 2014;21(4):244-249. PMID: 23689094.